css伪类:required与:optional如何区别

在表单中，:required 和 :optional 是两个用于根据表单元素是否设置“必填”属性来应用样式的 CSS 伪类。它们帮助开发者通过视觉方式提示用户哪些字段必须填写，哪些是可选的。

:required 伪类

这个伪类匹配所有设置了 required 属性的表单控件。也就是说，只要 HTML 中某个输入框有 required 属性，它就会被 :required 选中。

适用于 、</code>、<code></code> 等表单元素 常用于给必填项添加边框颜色、背景或提示符号 示例：高亮必填项为红色边框input:required { border-left: 3px solid red; }</p> <h3>:optional 伪类</h3> <p>这个伪类匹配那些**没有**设置 required 属性的表单元素。换句话说，它是 <strong>:required</strong> 的反义。</p> <p> <noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn.chuangxiangniao.com/www/2025/12/175680040267945-499.jpg" alt="Fireflies.ai"></noscript><img decoding="async" class="j-lazy" src="https://www.chuangxiangniao.com/wp-content/themes/justnews/themer/assets/images/lazy.png" data-original="https://cdn.chuangxiangniao.com/www/2025/12/175680040267945-499.jpg" alt="Fireflies.ai"> Fireflies.ai </p> <p>自动化会议记录和笔记工具，可以帮助你的团队记录、转录、搜索和分析语音对话。</p> <p> <noscript><img decoding="async" src="/static/images/card_xiazai.png" alt="Fireflies.ai"></noscript><img decoding="async" class="j-lazy" src="https://www.chuangxiangniao.com/wp-content/themes/justnews/themer/assets/images/lazy.png" data-original="/static/images/card_xiazai.png" alt="Fireflies.ai"> 145 查看详情 <noscript><img decoding="async" src="/static/images/cardxiayige-3.png" alt="Fireflies.ai"></noscript><img decoding="async" class="j-lazy" src="https://www.chuangxiangniao.com/wp-content/themes/justnews/themer/assets/images/lazy.png" data-original="/static/images/cardxiayige-3.png" alt="Fireflies.ai"> 只有当元素未声明 required 时才会生效 适合用来区分可选项的样式，比如降低视觉权重 注意：即使字段为空，只要没加 required 属性，仍会被 :optional 匹配input:optional { opacity: 0.7; }</p> <h3>实际使用建议</h3> <p>这两个伪类配合使用可以提升表单的可用性。</p> <p>立即学习“前端免费学习笔记（深入）”；</p> <p>用 <strong>:required</strong> 标记关键字段（如姓名、<span class="wpcom_tag_link"><a href="https://www.chuangxiangniao.com/p/tag/youxiang" title="邮箱" target="_blank">邮箱</a></span>） 用 <strong>:optional</strong> 淡化非必要字段（如备注、附加信息） 避免滥用 required，否则会削弱 :required 的视觉意义 结合 placeholder 或标签说明，增强可访问性基本上就这些。合理使用这两个伪类能让用户更清楚地了解表单填写要求，不复杂但容易忽略。</p> <p>以上就是<span class="wpcom_tag_link"><a href="https://www.chuangxiangniao.com/p/tag/css" title="css" target="_blank">css</a></span>伪类:required与:optional如何<span class="wpcom_tag_link"><a 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