The structure is a collection of different datatype variables, grouped together under a single name Syntax.
Declaration and initialization of structures
The general form of structure declaration is as follows −
datatype member1;struct tagname{ datatype member2; datatype member n;};
在这里，struct – 关键字
tagname – 指定结构的名称
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member1, member2 – 指定构成结构的数据项。
示例
struct book{ int pages; char author [30]; float price;};
结构变量
声明结构变量有三种方式。它们如下所示 −
1) struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;}b;2) struct{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;}b;3) struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;};struct book b;
结构的初始化和访问
成员和结构变量之间的链接是通过成员运算符（或者点运算符）建立的。
初始化可以通过以下方式进行：
方法1
struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} b = {100, “balu", 325.75};
Method 2
struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;};struct book b = {100, “balu", 325.75};
Method 3 (using member operator)
struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} ;struct book b; b. pages = 100; strcpy (b.author, “balu"); b.price = 325.75;
方法四（使用scanf函数）
struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} ;struct book b; scanf (“%d", &b.pages); scanf (“%s", b.author); scanf (“%f", &b. price);
We can print the contents of either of the above structures in the main method as shown below −
main ( ){ struct book b; clrscr ( ); printf ( "enter no of pages, author, price of book"); scanf ("%d%s%f", &b.pages, b.author, &b.price); printf("Details of book are"); printf("pages =%d, author = %s, price = %f", b.pages, b.author, b.price); getch();}
Example
Following is another example of structures −
Live Demo
#includestruct aaa{ struct aaa *prev; int i; struct aaa *next;};main(){ struct aaa abc,def,ghi,jkl; int x=100; abc.i=0; abc.prev=&jkl; abc.next=&def; def.i=1; def.prev=&abc; def.next=&ghi; ghi.i=2;ghi.prev=&def; ghi.next=&jkl; jkl.i=3; jkl.prev=&ghi; jkl.next=&abc; x=abc.next->next->prev->next->i; printf("%d",x);}
输出
2
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