在C语言中的格式说明符

The format specifiers are used in C for input and output purposes. Using this concept the compiler can understand that what type of data is in a variable during taking input using the scanf() function and printing using printf() function. Here is a list of format specifiers.

%cCharacter%dSigned integer%e or %EScientific notation of floats%fFloat values%g or %GSimilar as %e or %E%hiSigned integer (short)%huUnsigned Integer (short)%iUnsigned integer%l or %ld or %liLong%lfDouble%LfLong double%luUnsigned int or unsigned long%lli or %lldLong long%lluUnsigned long long%oOctal representation%pPointer%sString%uUnsigned int%x or %XHexadecimal representation%nPrints nothing%%Prints % character

These are the basic format specifiers. We can add some other parts with the format specifiers. These are like below −

A minus symbol (-) sign tells left alignment

A number after % specifies the minimum field width. If string is less than the width, it will be filled with spaces

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A period (.) is used to separate field width and precision

Example

 Live Demo

#include main() {   char ch = 'B';   printf("%c
", ch); //printing character data   //print decimal or integer data with d and i   int x = 45, y = 90;   printf("%d
", x);   printf("%i
", y);   float f = 12.67;   printf("%f
", f); //print float value   printf("%e
", f); //print in scientific notation   int a = 67;   printf("%o
", a); //print in octal format   printf("%x
", a); //print in hex format   char str[] = "Hello World";   printf("%s
", str);   printf("%20s
", str); //shift to the right 20 characters including the string   printf("%-20s
", str); //left align   printf("%20.5s
", str); //shift to the right 20 characters including the string, and print string up to 5 character   printf("%-20.5s
", str); //left align and print string up to 5 character}

输出

B459012.6700001.267000e+00110343Hello WorldHello WorldHello WorldHelloHello

我们可以以相同的方式使用这些格式说明符来使用scanf()函数。因此，我们可以像上面打印的那样从scanf()中获取输入。

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