在Mac下进行MySQL环境搭建的两种方法

mac 下安装 mysql 还是很方便的, 总结来看有2个方法。

方法一：用dmg镜像安装

1、安装

官网下载好 MySQL Mac 版安装包，常规步骤安装，安装过程中会出现如下提示：

2019-03-24T18:27:31.043133Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TdfRm19!o0Xi

其中TdfRm19!o0Xi是初始密码，最好先记住！

2、登陆

在终端命令行 登陆mysql:

$ mysql -u root -p# 输入上述密码即可

如果这一步提示: bash: mysql: command not found, 执行下面2个命令做个软连接即可：

cd /usr/local/binln -fs /usr/local/mysql-8.0.11-macos10.13-x86_64/bin/mysql mysql

3、修改密码

在 MySQL8.0.4 以前，执行 SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('新密码') 即可。但新版本不能这样改了，因为密码认证变了。具体步骤可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/yi247630676/article/details/80352655。

方法二：用 Homebrew 进行安装

总所周知，Mac 可以利用 homebrew 进行安装管理，十分方便，如果没有安装 homebrew, 可以点击 https://brew.sh/ 安装。

下面是 mysql 的安装方式

$ brew install mysql   # 安装指定版本： brew install mysql@1.1.1

接下来只要等待就可以了，出现下面文字后我们已经很清楚我们需要做什么了：

==> mysqlWe've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:    mysql_secure_installationMySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by defaultTo connect run:    mysql -u rootTo have launchd start mysql now and restart at login:  brew services start mysqlOr, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:  mysql.server start

按说明继续执行，进行初始化操作：

$ myysql_secure_installation

初始化过程中会有很多问题，以下是具体问题部分，以注释为解释：

Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Y   ## 回复y 需要密码8位以上，回复n 则不做限制The password validation component is not available. Proceeding with the further steps without the component.Please set the password for root here.New password:   ## 设置你的密码Re-enter new password:   ## 再次输入你的密码By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to havea user account created for them. This is intended only fortesting, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.You should remove them before moving into a productionenvironment.Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y    ## 是否移除匿名用户。考虑安全我选了ySuccess.Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess atthe root password from the network.Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y   ## 是否允许远程连mysql 的 root。我用做本地调试，不是远程服务器，所以y了Success.By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' thatanyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,and should be removed before moving into a productionenvironment.Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y      ## 是否y了删除test数据库，我选了y - Dropping test database...Success. - Removing privileges on test database...Success.Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changesmade so far will take effect immediately.Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y      ## 选y, 重新加载权限列表Success.All done!

到此配置就结束了，下面我们启动 mysql 即可，记住以下命令：

$ mysql -u root -p   ## 登陆 mysql$ brew services start mysql@5.7   ## 启动 mysql$ brew services stop mysql@5.7   ## 停止 mysql$ mysql.server start   ## 启动 mysql(无后台服务)