方法：1、安装ncurses-devel依赖包；2、下载并解压mysql压缩包；3、使用cd命令进入mysql文件夹，使用cmake命令进行配置解析；4、使用“make && make install”命令安装mysql即可。
（推荐教程：mysql视频教程）
一、安装cmake
1、解压cmake压缩包
[root@mysql tools]# tar -zvxf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz[root@mysql tools]# lscmake-2.8.8 cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz scripts
2、解析
[root@mysql tools]# cd cmake-2.8.8[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# ./configure---------------------------------------------CMake 2.8.8, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.Found GNU toolchainC compiler on this system is: gccC++ compiler on this system is: g++Makefile processor on this system is: gmakeg++ is GNU compilerg++ has STL in std:: namespaceg++ has ANSI streamsg++ has streams in std:: namespace
3、安装
[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# echo $?0#如果返回值是0，就是执行成功，如果返回值是1，就是执行失败；[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# gmake && gmake installScanning dependencies of target cmIML_test[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test.c.o[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_ABI_C.c.o[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_INT_C.c.o[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_include_C.c.o[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_ABI_CXX.cxx.o[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_INT_CXX.cxx.o[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_include_CXX.cxx.o
二、开始安装mysql
1、首先需要安装（ncurses-devel）依赖包
[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# cd …[root@mysql tools]# yum -y install ncurses-develLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfilebase: mirrors.zju.edu.cnextras: centos.ustc.edu.cnupdates: mirrors.zju.edu.cnResolving Dependencies–> Running transaction check—> tools ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4 will be installed#############安装完成后检查###########[root@mysql tools]# rpm -qa | grep ncurses-develncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64[root@mysql tools]#
2、解压mysql压缩包
[root@mysql tools]# tar -zvxf mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz[root@mysql tools]# lscmake-2.8.8 cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz mysql-5.5.16 mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz scripts[root@mysql tools]#
3、创建虚拟用户
[root@mysql tools]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M[root@mysql tools]# id mysqluid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)[root@mysql tools]#
4、配置解析
[root@mysql tools]# cd mysql-5.5.16[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0
5、安装
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# make && make installScanning dependencies of target INFO_BIN[ 0%] Built target INFO_BINScanning dependencies of target INFO_SRC[ 0%] Built target INFO_SRCScanning dependencies of target abi_check[ 0%] Built target abi_checkScanning dependencies of target zlib
6、创建软连接
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/ /usr/local/mysql[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# readlink /usr/local/mysql/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
7、配置环境
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cd …[root@mysql tools]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile[root@mysql tools]# tail -1 /etc/profileexport PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH[root@mysql tools]# source /etc/profile[root@mysql tools]# echo $PATH/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin[root@mysql tools]#
8、拷贝、查看、设置属主、及添加tmp权限
[root@mysql tools]# cp mysql-5.5.16/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf[root@mysql tools]# ll /usr/local/mysql/data/total 0drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 May 31 11:51 test[root@mysql tools]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/[root@mysql tools]# chmod -R 1777 /tmp/[root@mysql tools]#
9、初始化数据库
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[root@mysql tools]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/[root@mysql scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysqlInstalling MySQL system tables…OKFilling help tables…OK
注：看到两个ok表示成功
10、设置开机启动
[root@mysql scripts]# cd /roottools/mysql-5.5.16[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chmod -R 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig --add mysqld[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig mysqld on[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig --list mysqldNote: This output shows SysV services only and does not include nativesystemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by nativesystemd configuration.If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files'.To see services enabled on particular target use‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
11、启动mysql数据库
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# /etc/init.d/mysqld startStarting MySQL… SUCCESS![root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
12、查看端口进程
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# lsof -i:3306COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAMEmysqld 51146 mysql 10u IPv4 82600 0t0 TCP :mysql (LISTEN)[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# netstat -lnutp|grep 3306tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0: LISTEN 51146/mysqld[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# ps -ef|grep 3306mysql 51146 50900 0 14:13 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data/mysql.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data/mysql.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 51170 16240 0 14:14 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 3306[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
注：如果要重新初始化只要删除data目录库文件存储地或者新建一个库文件存储地，重新初始化，提示两个ok就是成功
进入数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
查看所有用户
mysql> use mysqlmysql> show tables;mysql> select user,host from user;
删除系统默认的
delete from mysql.user where user='';delete from mysql.user where host='::1';select user,host from mysql.user;
只保留这两个
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;±-----±----------+| user | host |±-----±----------+| root | 127.0.0.1 || root | localhost |±-----±----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>#########################
添加额外的授权管理员用户
grant all privileges on . to system@‘192.168.%' identified by ‘system' with grant option;
字符集路径
vi /etc/locale.conf #centos7
mysql创建密码
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123456'
mysql修改密码
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -p123456 password ‘112233'
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