基于计算机视觉的全细胞计数自动化分析方法

本项目针对血细胞图像分类任务，使用ResNet18和MobileNetV1模型，基于含12515张图像的数据集（分4类）展开研究。通过数据加载、预处理（计算均值方差等）、定义数据集与数据加载器，设置相同超参数训练。结果显示，ResNet18准确率0.878，MobileNetV1为0.786，验证了自动化分类在医学检测中的潜力。

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血细胞图像数据集的加载和预处理

项目目录

背景介绍数据集说明及可视化计算数据集的的均值和方差数据预处理定义Dataset类（数据增强）定义DataLoader接口（批处理）搭建网络ResNet18并训练搭建网络Mobilenetv1并训练效果展示项目总结个人介绍

背景介绍

基于血液的疾病的诊断通常涉及识别和表征患者的血液样本，通过计算机视觉的方法利用人工智能技术来检测和分类血细胞亚型的自动化方法具有重要的医学应用，通过自动化分类检测这一手段，我们可以提高血细胞分类精度并降低检测成本，有利于更加精确的分析血液样本的各项指标，从而为病人提供更加精准的检测报告。我们可以将模型部署在相关硬件上来实现落地应用。

数据集说明及可视化

总共包括两个文件夹：dataset和dataset2 dataset文件夹下包括JPEGImages共411张图片，Annotations包含的411张图像对应的标注文件，包括类别，图像大小，每个锚框位置大小，labels.csv文件内部是411张图片内包含的目标的label(一个或多个)

dataset2文件夹下包括TEST、TEST_SIMPLE、TRAIN三个文件夹，每个文件夹内都有四个子文件夹，文件夹名即为对应的label。 TEST_SIMPLE中包括一些样本图片，71张 TEST包括2487张图片，做测试集 TRAIN包括9957张图片，做训练集

In [2]

# 解压血细胞图像数据集!unzip -oq /home/aistudio/data/data106627/cell.zip -d work/

   In [3]

# 查看数据集文件夹树形结构! tree /home/aistudio/work -d

/home/aistudio/work├── dataset2-master│   └── dataset2-master│       └── images│           ├── TEST│           │   ├── EOSINOPHIL│           │   ├── LYMPHOCYTE│           │   ├── MONOCYTE│           │   └── NEUTROPHIL│           ├── TEST_SIMPLE│           │   ├── EOSINOPHIL│           │   ├── LYMPHOCYTE│           │   ├── MONOCYTE│           │   └── NEUTROPHIL│           └── TRAIN│               ├── EOSINOPHIL│               ├── LYMPHOCYTE│               ├── MONOCYTE│               └── NEUTROPHIL└── dataset-master    └── dataset-master        ├── Annotations        └── JPEGImages22 directories

       In [1]

# 血细胞图像数据集抽样可视化import cv2import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport osimport glob%matplotlib inline# 读取图像#获取dataset2-master目录下的所有子目录名称，并分类保存路径test_img_list = glob.glob("/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TEST/*/*.jpeg")test_simple_img_list = glob.glob("/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TEST_SIMPLE/*/*.jpeg")train_img_list = glob.glob("/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TRAIN/*/*.jpeg")print(len(test_img_list), len(test_simple_img_list), len(train_img_list))#获取dataset-master目录下的所有子目录名称，保存进一个列表之中(暂时不做处理，未来将会将其中图片用于目标检测任务)img_path_list = os.listdir("/home/aistudio/work/dataset-master/dataset-master/JPEGImages")img_list = []for img_path in img_path_list:    img_list.append("/home/aistudio/work/dataset-master/dataset-master/JPEGImages/"+img_path)# 可视化部分图像for i in range(6):    plt.subplot(2,3,i+1)    img_bgr = cv2.imread(img_list[i])    img_gbr = cv2.cvtColor(img_bgr, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)    plt.imshow(img_gbr)

2487 71 9957

计算图像数据的平均值和方差

In [ ]

# 计算图像数据整体的均值和方差import tqdmimport globimport numpy as npdef get_mean_std(image_path_list):    print('Total images size:', len(image_path_list))    # 结果向量的初始化    max_val, min_val = np.zeros(3), np.ones(3) * 255    mean, std = np.zeros(3), np.zeros(3)    for image_path in tqdm.tqdm(image_path_list):        image = cv2.imread(image_path)        for c in range(3):            # 计算每个通道的均值和方差            mean[c] += image[:, :, c].mean()            std[c] += image[:, :, c].std()            max_val[c] = max(max_val[c], image[:, :, c].max())            min_val[c] = min(min_val[c], image[:, :, c].min())    # 图像的平均均值和方差    mean /= len(image_path_list)    std /= len(image_path_list)    mean /= max_val - min_val    std /= max_val - min_val    # print(max_val - min_val)    return mean, stdimage_path_list = []# image_path_list.extend(glob.glob('/home/aistudio/work/dataset-master/dataset-master/JPEGImages/*.jpg'))image_path_list.extend(glob.glob('/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/*/*/*.jpeg'))mean, std = get_mean_std(image_path_list)print('mean:', mean)print('std:', std)

  1%|          | 82/12515 [00:00<00:30, 404.73it/s]

Total images size: 12515

  1%|          | 122/12515 [00:00<00:30, 401.44it/s]100%|██████████| 12515/12515 [00:30<00:00, 408.74it/s]

mean: [0.66109358 0.64167306 0.67932446]std: [0.25564928 0.25832876 0.25864613]

数据预处理

In [2]

# 减均值去方差，提高色彩对比度，便于神经网络提取特征import cv2import paddleimport numpy as npimport paddle.vision.transforms as Timport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport warningswarnings.filterwarnings('ignore')def preprocess(img):    transform = T.Compose([        T.RandomRotation(degrees=45),        T.RandomCrop(size=(240, 300)),        T.RandomHorizontalFlip(),        T.Resize(size=(240, 240)),        T.ToTensor(),        T.Normalize(mean=[0.66109358, 0.64167306, 0.67932446], std=[0.25564928, 0.25832876, 0.25864613])        ])    img = transform(img).astype('float32')    return imgimg_bgr = cv2.imread('work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TRAIN/EOSINOPHIL/_0_6149.jpeg')img = preprocess(img_bgr)print(img.shape, img_bgr.shape)plt.imshow(img.T)

W0322 14:55:38.966475   101 device_context.cc:447] Please NOTE: device: 0, GPU Compute Capability: 7.0, Driver API Version: 11.0, Runtime API Version: 10.1W0322 14:55:38.971231   101 device_context.cc:465] device: 0, cuDNN Version: 7.6.Clipping input data to the valid range for imshow with RGB data ([0..1] for floats or [0..255] for integers).

[3, 240, 240] (240, 320, 3)

               In [3]

# 定义数据集类class MyImageDataset(paddle.io.Dataset):    def __init__(self, phase = 'train'):        super(MyImageDataset, self).__init__()        assert phase in ['train', 'test']        self.samples = []        if (phase == 'train'):            self.samples.extend(glob.glob('/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TRAIN/*/*.jpeg'))        else:            self.samples.extend(glob.glob('/home/aistudio/work/dataset2-master/dataset2-master/images/TEST/*/*.jpeg'))        self.labels = {'EOSINOPHIL': 0, 'LYMPHOCYTE': 1, 'MONOCYTE': 2, 'NEUTROPHIL': 3}    def __getitem__(self, index):        img_path = self.samples[index]        img_bgr = cv2.imread(img_path)        image = preprocess(img_bgr)        label = self.labels[img_path.split('/')[-2]]        label = paddle.to_tensor([label], dtype='int64')        return image, label    def __len__(self):        return len(self.samples)train_dataset = MyImageDataset('train')       test_dataset = MyImageDataset('test')print(len(train_dataset), len(test_dataset))print(train_dataset[0][0].shape, test_dataset[0][0].shape)

9957 2487[3, 240, 240] [3, 240, 240]

       In [5]

# 定义超参数lr = 0.0005BATCH_SIZE = 32EPOCH = 10

   In [5]

# 定义数据读取器train_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True)test_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle= True)for batch_id, data in enumerate(train_loader()):    x_data = data[0]    y_data = data[1]    print(batch_id)    print(x_data.shape)    print(y_data.shape)    break

0[32, 3, 240, 240][32, 1]

搭建网络Resnet18模并训练

模型简介：

论文链接：https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_cvpr_2016/papers/He_Deep_Residual_Learning_CVPR_2016_paper.pdf

ResNet（Residual Neural Network）由微软研究院的Kaiming He等四名华人提出，通过使用ResNet Unit成功训练出了152层的神经网络，并在ILSVRC2015比赛中取得冠军，在top5上的错误率为3.57%，同时参数量比VGGNet低，效果非常突出。ResNet的结构可以极快的加速神经网络的训练，模型的准确率也有比较大的提升。同时ResNet的推广性非常好，甚至可以直接用到InceptionNet网络中。ResNet的主要思想是在网络中增加了直连通道，即Highway Network的思想。此前的网络结构是性能输入做一个非线性变换，而Highway Network则允许保留之前网络层的一定比例的输出。ResNet的思想和Highway Network的思想也非常类似，允许原始输入信息直接传到后面的层中，如下图所示。

残差学习的结构如图有点类似与电路中的“短路”，所以是一种短路连接（shortcut connection）。增加一个identity mapping（恒等映射），将原始所需要学的函数H(x)转换成F(x)+x，F(x)的优化会比H(x)简单的多，相当于帮助深层网络学习浅层网络的特征，并在基础上深入探索。Residual block通过shortcut connection实现，通过shortcut将这个block的输入和输出进行一个element-wise的加叠，这个简单的加法并不会给网络增加额外的参数和计算量，同时却可以大大增加模型的训练速度、提高训练效果，并且当模型的层数加深时，这个简单的结构能够很好的解决退化问题。

除此之外，论文中还引入bottleneck，通过减小大卷积层的通道数量来极大减小计算量，使用1×1卷积实现，如下图所示。

最后，附上论文中最经典、最直观的模型结构参数表，建议全表背诵。

在使用经典网络的时候，可以选择站在巨人的肩膀上，直接调用paddle.vision.models.resnet18()，然后改变最后一层的神经元个数，也可以自己尝试动手搭建，体会经典网络的精妙之处。

想要了解如何动手搭建Resnet18网络的小伙伴可以参考我的另一个项目——从零开始实现经典网络之——ResNet

这里直接使用了paddle提供的resnet18接口，需要注意的是要将最后一层线性层的输出改为项目需要的大小，由于本项目是进行四分类任务，因此使用Sequential容器将最后一层神经元数量修改为4

初始学习率设置为0.0005，配合batchsize为32，并且使用Adam优化器，模型的收敛效果较好

In [6]

#图像格式预处理(data_fromat:'NCHW')# 定义网络import paddle.nn as nnresnet = paddle.vision.models.resnet18()resnet = nn.Sequential(*list(resnet.children())[:-1],            nn.Flatten(),            nn.Linear(512,4))paddle.summary(resnet,(64, 3, 240, 240))#定义优化器和损失函数opt = paddle.optimizer.Adam(    learning_rate=lr,    parameters=resnet.parameters(),    beta1=0.9,    beta2=0.999)loss_func = paddle.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Layer (type)         Input Shape          Output Shape         Param #    ===============================================================================    Conv2D-177      [[64, 3, 240, 240]]   [64, 64, 120, 120]       9,408       BatchNorm2D-177   [[64, 64, 120, 120]]  [64, 64, 120, 120]        256            ReLU-10       [[64, 64, 120, 120]]  [64, 64, 120, 120]         0           MaxPool2D-2     [[64, 64, 120, 120]]   [64, 64, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-178       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]       36,864       BatchNorm2D-178    [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]         256            ReLU-11        [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-179       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]       36,864       BatchNorm2D-179    [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]         256         BasicBlock-9      [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-180       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]       36,864       BatchNorm2D-180    [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]         256            ReLU-12        [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-181       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]       36,864       BatchNorm2D-181    [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]         256         BasicBlock-10     [[64, 64, 60, 60]]    [64, 64, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-183       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]       73,728       BatchNorm2D-183   [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]         512            ReLU-13       [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-184      [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]       147,456      BatchNorm2D-184   [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]         512          Conv2D-182       [[64, 64, 60, 60]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]        8,192       BatchNorm2D-182   [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]         512         BasicBlock-11     [[64, 64, 60, 60]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-185      [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]       147,456      BatchNorm2D-185   [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]         512            ReLU-14       [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-186      [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]       147,456      BatchNorm2D-186   [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]         512         BasicBlock-12    [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 128, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-188      [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]       294,912      BatchNorm2D-188   [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]        1,024           ReLU-15       [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-189      [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]       589,824      BatchNorm2D-189   [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]        1,024         Conv2D-187      [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]       32,768       BatchNorm2D-187   [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]        1,024        BasicBlock-13    [[64, 128, 30, 30]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-190      [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]       589,824      BatchNorm2D-190   [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]        1,024           ReLU-16       [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-191      [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]       589,824      BatchNorm2D-191   [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]        1,024        BasicBlock-14    [[64, 256, 15, 15]]   [64, 256, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-193      [[64, 256, 15, 15]]    [64, 512, 8, 8]       1,179,648     BatchNorm2D-193    [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]         2,048           ReLU-17        [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-194       [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]       2,359,296     BatchNorm2D-194    [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]         2,048         Conv2D-192      [[64, 256, 15, 15]]    [64, 512, 8, 8]        131,072      BatchNorm2D-192    [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]         2,048        BasicBlock-15    [[64, 256, 15, 15]]    [64, 512, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-195       [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]       2,359,296     BatchNorm2D-195    [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]         2,048           ReLU-18        [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-196       [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]       2,359,296     BatchNorm2D-196    [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]         2,048        BasicBlock-16     [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 8, 8]           0       AdaptiveAvgPool2D-5  [[64, 512, 8, 8]]     [64, 512, 1, 1]           0            Flatten-4       [[64, 512, 1, 1]]        [64, 512]              0            Linear-11          [[64, 512]]            [64, 4]             2,052     ===============================================================================Total params: 11,188,164Trainable params: 11,168,964Non-trainable params: 19,200-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Input size (MB): 42.19Forward/backward pass size (MB): 4218.25Params size (MB): 42.68Estimated Total Size (MB): 4303.12-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

       In [7]

print(paddle.device.get_cudnn_version())print(paddle.device.get_device())paddle.device.set_device('gpu:0')

7605gpu:0

CUDAPlace(0)

               In [ ]

# 开始训练from tqdm import tqdmresnet.train()for epoch in range(EPOCH):    for batch_id, data in tqdm(enumerate(train_loader())):        imgs = data[0]        label = data[1]        infer_prob = resnet(imgs)        loss = loss_func(infer_prob, label)        acc = paddle.metric.accuracy(infer_prob, label)        loss.backward()        opt.step()        opt.clear_gradients()        if (batch_id + 1) % 20 == 0:            print('第{}个epoch:batch_id is: {},loss is: {}, acc is: {}'.format(epoch,batch_id + 1, loss.numpy(),acc.numpy()))paddle.save(resnet.state_dict(), 'param')

使用更加轻量的网络模型MobileNet并训练

模型简介：

论文链接： https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.04861.pdf

mobileNet V1是一种体积较小、计算量较少、适用于移动设备的卷积神经网络。mobileNet V1的主要创新点是用深度可分离卷积(depthwise separable convolution)代替普通的卷积，并使用宽度乘数(width multiply)减少参数量，不过减少参数的数量和操作的同时也会使特征丢失导致精度下降。 标准的卷积过程如图1，卷积核做卷积运算时得同时考虑对应图像区域中的所有通道（channel），而深度可分离卷积对不同的通道采用不同的卷积核进行卷积，如图2所示它将普通卷积分解成了深度卷积（Depthwise Convolution）和逐点卷积（Pointwise Convolution）两个过程，这样可以将通道（channel）相关性和空间（spatial）相关性解耦。原文中给出的深度可分离卷积后面都接了一个BN和ReLU层。

mobileNetV1的网络结构如下表所示。前面的卷积层中除了第一层为标准卷积层外，其他都是深度可分离卷积（Conv dw + Conv/s1），卷积后接了一个77的平均池化层，之后通过全连接层，最后利用Softmax激活函数将全连接层输出归一化到0-1的一个概率值，根据概率值的高低可以得到图像的分类情况。

该模型还引入了两个超参数宽度因子和分辨率因子来提进一步降低模型的计算量。

该项目使用相同的学习率和batchsize，使用Adam优化器加速模型收敛

In [7]

net = paddle.vision.models.MobileNetV2()net = nn.Sequential(*list(net.children())[:-1],            nn.Flatten(),            nn.Linear(1280, 512),            nn.Linear(512, 4))paddle.summary(net,(64, 3, 240, 240))#定义优化器和损失函数opt = paddle.optimizer.Adam(    learning_rate=lr,    parameters=net.parameters(),    beta1=0.9,    beta2=0.999)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Layer (type)         Input Shape          Output Shape         Param #    ===============================================================================    Conv2D-197      [[64, 3, 240, 240]]   [64, 32, 120, 120]        864        BatchNorm2D-197   [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 32, 120, 120]        128           ReLU6-106      [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 32, 120, 120]         0           Conv2D-198      [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 32, 120, 120]        288        BatchNorm2D-198   [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 32, 120, 120]        128           ReLU6-107      [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 32, 120, 120]         0           Conv2D-199      [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 16, 120, 120]        512        BatchNorm2D-199   [[64, 16, 120, 120]]  [64, 16, 120, 120]        64       InvertedResidual-52 [[64, 32, 120, 120]]  [64, 16, 120, 120]         0           Conv2D-200      [[64, 16, 120, 120]]  [64, 96, 120, 120]       1,536       BatchNorm2D-200   [[64, 96, 120, 120]]  [64, 96, 120, 120]        384           ReLU6-108      [[64, 96, 120, 120]]  [64, 96, 120, 120]         0           Conv2D-201      [[64, 96, 120, 120]]   [64, 96, 60, 60]         864        BatchNorm2D-201    [[64, 96, 60, 60]]    [64, 96, 60, 60]         384           ReLU6-109       [[64, 96, 60, 60]]    [64, 96, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-202       [[64, 96, 60, 60]]    [64, 24, 60, 60]        2,304       BatchNorm2D-202    [[64, 24, 60, 60]]    [64, 24, 60, 60]         96       InvertedResidual-53 [[64, 16, 120, 120]]   [64, 24, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-203       [[64, 24, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-203   [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]         576           ReLU6-110      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-204      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]        1,296       BatchNorm2D-204   [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]         576           ReLU6-111      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-205      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]    [64, 24, 60, 60]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-205    [[64, 24, 60, 60]]    [64, 24, 60, 60]         96       InvertedResidual-54  [[64, 24, 60, 60]]    [64, 24, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-206       [[64, 24, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-206   [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]         576           ReLU6-112      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 60, 60]          0           Conv2D-207      [[64, 144, 60, 60]]   [64, 144, 30, 30]        1,296       BatchNorm2D-207   [[64, 144, 30, 30]]   [64, 144, 30, 30]         576           ReLU6-113      [[64, 144, 30, 30]]   [64, 144, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-208      [[64, 144, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]        4,608       BatchNorm2D-208    [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]         128      InvertedResidual-55  [[64, 24, 60, 60]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-209       [[64, 32, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]        6,144       BatchNorm2D-209   [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]         768           ReLU6-114      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-210      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]        1,728       BatchNorm2D-210   [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]         768           ReLU6-115      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-211      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]        6,144       BatchNorm2D-211    [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]         128      InvertedResidual-56  [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-212       [[64, 32, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]        6,144       BatchNorm2D-212   [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]         768           ReLU6-116      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-213      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]        1,728       BatchNorm2D-213   [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]         768           ReLU6-117      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-214      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]        6,144       BatchNorm2D-214    [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]         128      InvertedResidual-57  [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 32, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-215       [[64, 32, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]        6,144       BatchNorm2D-215   [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]         768           ReLU6-118      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 30, 30]          0           Conv2D-216      [[64, 192, 30, 30]]   [64, 192, 15, 15]        1,728       BatchNorm2D-216   [[64, 192, 15, 15]]   [64, 192, 15, 15]         768           ReLU6-119      [[64, 192, 15, 15]]   [64, 192, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-217      [[64, 192, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]       12,288       BatchNorm2D-217    [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]         256      InvertedResidual-58  [[64, 32, 30, 30]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-218       [[64, 64, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-218   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-120      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-219      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-219   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-121      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-220      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-220    [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]         256      InvertedResidual-59  [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-221       [[64, 64, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-221   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-122      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-222      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-222   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-123      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-223      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-223    [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]         256      InvertedResidual-60  [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-224       [[64, 64, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-224   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-124      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-225      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-225   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-125      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-226      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-226    [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]         256      InvertedResidual-61  [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 64, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-227       [[64, 64, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]       24,576       BatchNorm2D-227   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-126      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-228      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        3,456       BatchNorm2D-228   [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]        1,536          ReLU6-127      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]   [64, 384, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-229      [[64, 384, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]       36,864       BatchNorm2D-229    [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]         384      InvertedResidual-62  [[64, 64, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-230       [[64, 96, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]       55,296       BatchNorm2D-230   [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        2,304          ReLU6-128      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-231      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        5,184       BatchNorm2D-231   [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        2,304          ReLU6-129      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-232      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]       55,296       BatchNorm2D-232    [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]         384      InvertedResidual-63  [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-233       [[64, 96, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]       55,296       BatchNorm2D-233   [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        2,304          ReLU6-130      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-234      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        5,184       BatchNorm2D-234   [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        2,304          ReLU6-131      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-235      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]       55,296       BatchNorm2D-235    [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]         384      InvertedResidual-64  [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 96, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-236       [[64, 96, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]       55,296       BatchNorm2D-236   [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]        2,304          ReLU6-132      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]   [64, 576, 15, 15]          0           Conv2D-237      [[64, 576, 15, 15]]    [64, 576, 8, 8]         5,184       BatchNorm2D-237    [[64, 576, 8, 8]]     [64, 576, 8, 8]         2,304          ReLU6-133       [[64, 576, 8, 8]]     [64, 576, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-238       [[64, 576, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]        92,160       BatchNorm2D-238    [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]          640      InvertedResidual-65  [[64, 96, 15, 15]]    [64, 160, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-239       [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]        153,600      BatchNorm2D-239    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-134       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-240       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         8,640       BatchNorm2D-240    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-135       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-241       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]        153,600      BatchNorm2D-241    [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]          640      InvertedResidual-66  [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-242       [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]        153,600      BatchNorm2D-242    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-136       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-243       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         8,640       BatchNorm2D-243    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-137       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-244       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]        153,600      BatchNorm2D-244    [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]          640      InvertedResidual-67  [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 160, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-245       [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]        153,600      BatchNorm2D-245    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-138       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-246       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         8,640       BatchNorm2D-246    [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]         3,840          ReLU6-139       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 960, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-247       [[64, 960, 8, 8]]     [64, 320, 8, 8]        307,200      BatchNorm2D-247    [[64, 320, 8, 8]]     [64, 320, 8, 8]         1,280     InvertedResidual-68  [[64, 160, 8, 8]]     [64, 320, 8, 8]           0           Conv2D-248       [[64, 320, 8, 8]]     [64, 1280, 8, 8]       409,600      BatchNorm2D-248    [[64, 1280, 8, 8]]    [64, 1280, 8, 8]        5,120          ReLU6-140       [[64, 1280, 8, 8]]    [64, 1280, 8, 8]          0       AdaptiveAvgPool2D-6  [[64, 1280, 8, 8]]    [64, 1280, 1, 1]          0            Flatten-5       [[64, 1280, 1, 1]]       [64, 1280]             0            Linear-13          [[64, 1280]]          [64, 512]           655,872         Linear-14          [[64, 512]]            [64, 4]             2,052     ===============================================================================Total params: 2,915,908Trainable params: 2,847,684Non-trainable params: 68,224-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Input size (MB): 42.19Forward/backward pass size (MB): 11326.83Params size (MB): 11.12Estimated Total Size (MB): 11380.14-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

       In [ ]

# 开始训练net.train()for epoch in range(EPOCH):    for batch_id, data in tqdm(enumerate(train_loader())):        imgs = data[0]        label = data[1]        infer_prob = net(imgs)        loss = loss_func(infer_prob, label)        acc = paddle.metric.accuracy(infer_prob, label)        loss.backward()        opt.step()        opt.clear_gradients()        if (batch_id + 1) % 20 == 0:            print('第{}个epoch:batch_id is: {},loss is: {}, acc is: {}'.format(epoch,batch_id + 1, loss.numpy(),acc.numpy()))paddle.save(resnet.state_dict(), 'mobile_param')

效果展示

这里我们在测试集上分别测试两个网络的平均精度，展示如下，ResNet18凭借更高的模型复杂度和更强大的特征提取能力得到了更高的准确率

In [9]

# resnet18效果展示resnet.set_state_dict(paddle.load("param"))resnet.eval()global_acc = 0idx = 0for batch_id, testdata in enumerate(test_loader()):    imgs = testdata[0]    label = testdata[1]    predicts = resnet(imgs)    # 计算损失与精度    loss = loss_func(predicts, label)    global_acc += paddle.metric.accuracy(predicts, label).numpy()[0]    idx += 1    # 打印信息    if (batch_id+1) % 20 == 0:        print("batch_id: {}, loss is: {}".format(batch_id+1, loss.numpy()))print("全局准确率为：{}".format(global_acc / idx))

batch_id: 20, loss is: [0.24643926]batch_id: 40, loss is: [0.4239157]batch_id: 60, loss is: [0.04833409]全局准确率为：0.8782225472804828

       In [28]

# mobilenet效果展示net.set_state_dict(paddle.load("mobile_param"))net.eval()global_acc = 0idx = 0for batch_id, testdata in enumerate(test_loader()):    imgs = testdata[0]    label = testdata[1]    predicts = net(imgs)    # 计算损失与精度    loss = loss_func(predicts, label)    global_acc += paddle.metric.accuracy(predicts, label).numpy()[0]    idx += 1    # 打印信息    if (batch_id+1) % 20 == 0:        print("batch_id: {}, loss is: {}".format(batch_id+1, loss.numpy()))print("全局准确率为：{}".format(global_acc / idx))

batch_id: 20, loss is: [0.9668553]全局准确率为：0.785875583306337

项目总结

该项目分别使用Resnet18和Mobilenetv1上对血细胞图像数据集进行分类任务的训练，目的是通过计算机视觉的方法利用人工智能技术来检测和分类血细胞亚型，从而提高血细胞分类精度并降低检测成本，有利于更加精确的分析血液样本的各项指标，最终实现为病人提供更加精准的检测报告。

以上就是基于计算机视觉的全细胞计数自动化分析方法的详细内容，更多请关注创想鸟其它相关文章！