Use php -r to execute inline PHP code without files, e.g., php -r “echo ‘Hello, World!’;”. 2. Run a PHP file via php script.php. 3. Pass arguments accessible through $argv. 4. Make scripts executable with #!/usr/bin/env php and chmod +x. 5. Validate syntax with php -l.
If you want to execute PHP code or scripts from the command line, using the PHP CLI is a straightforward approach. Here are several methods to achieve this:
The operating environment of this tutorial: MacBook Pro, macOS Sonoma
1. Execute Inline PHP Code with -r Option
The PHP command-line interface provides the -r option to run PHP code directly without creating a file. This is useful for quick tests or small operations.
Open your terminal. Type php -r “echo ‘Hello, World!’;” and press Enter. You should see the output immediately in the console.
Note: Do not include <?php tags when using the -r flag.
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2. Run a PHP Script File
You can execute a standalone PHP file by passing its path to the php command. This is the most common way to run PHP applications via CLI.
Create a file named test.php with content: In the terminal, navigate to the directory containing the file using cd. Run php test.php. The script output will be printed directly to the terminal.
3. Pass Arguments to PHP Scripts
PHP CLI allows passing arguments to scripts, which can be accessed via the $argv and $argc variables inside the script.
Modify your test.php file to include: Execute it with arguments: php test.php arg1 arg2. The output will show an array of passed arguments including the script name.
4. Use Shebang for Direct Execution
On Unix-like systems, you can make a PHP script executable by adding a shebang line at the top and setting file permissions.
Add #!/usr/bin/env php as the first line in your test.php file. Make it executable: chmod +x test.php. Run it directly: ./test.php.
This method treats the PHP script like a native shell script.
5. Check PHP Syntax Without Execution
Before running a script, you can validate its syntax using the -l (lint) option to prevent runtime errors.
Run php -l test.php to check for parsing errors. If the syntax is correct, you’ll receive a message confirming no syntax errors were detected.
This is especially helpful when debugging large scripts or deploying code.
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